Senator Black: I apologize for not knowing that rule.

The Hon. the Speaker: That’s fine, Senator Black. No need to apologize.

[Translation]

The Hon. the Speaker: Senator Black, since we have started, we’ll go along with a supplementary question.

The Hon. the Speaker: Before calling upon Senator Richards, I should point out to honourable colleagues that pursuant to rule 4-8(1), questions can be asked of chairs of committees but not of chairs of subcommittees. There have been a number of rulings in the past with respect to that. Since the question has been asked, I’ll leave it to Senator Richards whether or not he wants to answer it for now, but I would ask colleagues to bear that in mind in the future.

Senator Gold: Thank you for the question and for following up.

The government is aware of your question, but I haven’t gotten a response, unfortunately. I will try again to get an answer and will get back to you soon.

[English]

Senator Smith: I would appreciate that information.

The government also maintains its commitment to transition its fleet of light-duty vehicles to 100% zero-emission vehicles by 2030. As of March 31, 2022, the government’s light-duty fleet contained approximately 18,000 vehicles but less than 3% accounted for zero-emission vehicles, or ZEVs for short.

Senator Gold, given market constraints for electric vehicles, including the fact that, in many cases, there are no suitable vehicles that meet the operational requirements of the government, is this commitment feasible?

(Response to question raised by the Honourable Ratna Omidvar on February 8, 2022)

Insofar as Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) is concerned:

Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship and other implicated government departments and agencies have collectively implemented a whole-of-government response, meeting regularly to ensure we are working collaboratively and proactively responding to issues. Since August 21, 2021, our collaboration has resulted in the arrival of over 8,000 Afghans to Canada, and more arrive every week.

The majority of Afghans wanting to resettle in Canada, and meeting the criteria of the Special Immigration Measures, are still located in Afghanistan. As a result of the Taliban’s control of Afghanistan, its status as a terrorist organization and the safety concerns for both clients and employees, IRCC does not have a physical presence in Afghanistan. For Afghans seeking to come to Canada, leaving Afghanistan can be extremely dangerous and difficult. The preponderance of issues impeding their immigration to Canada relate to securing safe transit out of Afghanistan.

IRCC is working with partners and neighbouring countries on how best to facilitate the safe movement of Afghan nationals out of Afghanistan so that the processing of their applications can continue. You may rest assured that the Government of Canada is working tirelessly and devoting the necessary resources to resettle these vulnerable persons safely to Canada as quickly as possible.

(Response to question raised by the Honourable Mobina S. B. Jaffer on February 21, 2022)

Insofar as Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) is concerned:

Canada is working to bring as many vulnerable Afghans as possible to safety in Canada, as quickly as is practicable. IRCC has already brought 8,580 new Afghans to Canada as of March 1, 2022, as part of the government’s multi-year commitment to resettle at least 40,000 Afghan nationals. As of February 21, 2022, IRCC has approved over 10,000 applications for Afghan nationals who assisted the Government of Canada (e.g., locally engaged staff, interpreters), along with their family members. Of these, 4,880 Afghans have since begun their new lives in Canada. Another 3,700 have been resettled to Canada through our humanitarian program, which focuses on women, LGBTQ2 people, human rights defenders, journalists and members of religious and ethnic minorities.

IRCC has streamlined the application process for Afghan applicants, and continues to prioritize and process these cases as quickly as possible for those inside and outside of Afghanistan. Depending on an individual’s circumstances, however, every step of the process can bring unique challenges. Full admissibility assessments, including security screening, must be completed before a decision can be reached on any application. Some cases are complex, and thus the screening aspect of the process can take additional time to ensure rigorous assessment.

(Response to question raised by the Honourable Marilou McPhedran on February 24, 2022)

All international assistance provided by Global Affairs Canada in response to the illegal invasion of Ukraine, including $245 million in humanitarian assistance, is guided by Canada’s Feminist International Assistance Policy and requires gender-based analysis.

Canada is providing assistance through United Nations organizations, the Red Cross Movement and to non‑governmental organizations to address the needs of women and girls related to gender-based violence. This includes lifesaving services such as crisis rooms; counselling; distribution of cash and dignity kits; and access to sexual and reproductive health services.

Other support includes programming provided through UN Women and Justice Rapid Response for assessments of the needs of women and girls in Ukraine and neighbouring countries, as well as the deployment of specialized investigators with sexual violence and criminal investigation expertise. Canada is contributing to the Women’s Peace and Humanitarian Fund to support women’s organizations to provide protection and psychological support, while ensuring that women are supported to work towards conflict resolution.

Canada is also pursuing accountability through the International Criminal Court, whose statute expressly proscribes various forms of sexual violence as underlying acts of war crimes and crimes against humanity.

(Response to question raised by the Honourable Ratna Omidvar on March 1, 2022)

Insofar as Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) is concerned:

The Government of Canada is committed to helping Ukrainians and has announced a number of new measures to help people affected by the Russian invasion of Ukraine. When consulting with the Ukrainian community, we heard that a number of Ukrainians may want to come to Canada temporarily and then return home when it is safe to do so. Therefore, a new temporary residence pathway was needed to urgently bring Ukrainians seeking temporary refuge into Canada. Having the Canada-Ukraine Authorization for Emergency Travel (CUAET) available, in addition to permanent residence pathways (including family sponsorship), will allow Canada to welcome more Ukrainians fleeing violence.

The CUAET is open to an unlimited number of Ukrainians. These measures allow clients to stay for up to three years, with the option to work or study while here. This is the fastest, safest and most efficient way for Ukrainians and their immediate family members to come to Canada and eliminates many of the normal visa requirements. IRCC has already received more than 50,000 applications under this program. Further, in recognition that many Canadians and permanent residents have family in Ukraine, IRCC is quickly implementing a special family reunification sponsorship pathway.

(Response to question raised by the Honourable Mary Coyle on March 22, 2022)

Department of Justice officials continue to monitor both Canadian and international developments on conversion therapy, as well as any relevant jurisprudence, and will continue to work through existing federal, provincial and territorial fora to facilitate collaboration and monitor their experiences with conversion therapy cases. Additionally, Statistics Canada tracks police-reported incidents of crime, as well as charges laid and convictions entered under Criminal Code offences.

As a general rule, Canadian courts have jurisdiction over crimes committed within Canada. However, Canadian courts also have jurisdiction to prosecute where there is a real and substantial link between Canada and the offence. Such a link may be established in cases where conversion therapy is provided online to Canadians by persons residing in another country.

To enhance our understanding of the impact of conversion therapy on those subjected to it, the Department of Justice has contracted with the Community-Based Research Centre Society to undertake qualitative, in-depth interviews with survivors of conversion therapy from across the country. Also, in January 2022, the Department of Justice made $1 million available through the Victims Fund to support the development of public legal education and information (PLEI) resources and materials regarding the new conversion therapy-related offences.

(Response to question raised by the Honourable Marilou McPhedran on March 22, 2022)

Canada is coordinating efforts with allies and partners to support Ukraine and to pressure Russia to end its war on Ukraine. Canada calls on Russia to immediately cease all hostile and provocative actions against Ukraine, withdraw all military and proxy forces from the country and turn to good-faith diplomacy. Canada also supports ongoing negotiations between Ukraine and Russia.

Canada played a key role in the eleventh emergency special session of the United Nations General Assembly and the adoption of resolutions on Russia’s aggression against Ukraine, humanitarian consequences and suspending Russia from the Human Rights Council.

Canada continues to work at the United Nations on options to support Ukraine and promote international peace and security.

(Response to question raised by the Honourable Donald Neil Plett on May 18, 2022)

Veterans Affairs Canada

Veterans Affairs Canada is subject to the provisions of the Privacy Act and the Access to Information Act related to the disclosure of personal information and, as such, cannot respond to questions about individual clients.

Veterans Affairs Canada acknowledges the significant contributions that veterans and Canadian Armed Forces members have made, and continue to make, in protecting Canadians and their peace and security at home and around the world. These men and women deserve the greatest recognition and respect for their service. Veterans Affairs Canada maintains an open-door policy for communication and collaboration on their issues and priorities.

This case deals with issues that are being addressed by Veterans Affairs Canada.

Appendix—Senators List

Hon. Marc Gold (Government Representative in the Senate): Thank you for this question, honourable colleague.

The tragedy in Nova Scotia devastated families, friends and the community and left many unanswered questions. With the public hearings now under way, our thoughts are with the community of Portapique.

All Canadians should know that this will be an in-depth and impartial inquiry that will be conducted with compassion. I don’t know why the minister has not intervened publicly, but I will follow up and attempt to get an answer.

The Hon. the Speaker: Honourable senators, I wish to draw your attention to the presence in the gallery of staff from the Cardus think tank. They are the guests of the Honourable Senator Plett.

On behalf of all honourable senators, I welcome you to the Senate of Canada.

Senator Moodie: I’m wondering, Senator Gold, does the government have a plan to review targets and measures for significant social policies as they move forward in making progress on revamping our data collection processes?

Hon. Larry W. Smith: Honourable senators, my question is for Senator Gold.

In 2016, then-minister of the environment Catherine McKenna committed that government operations, including military bases, would be fully powered by renewable energy by 2025. In a recent response to an Order Paper question on this very topic, the government reiterated its commitment to purchase 100% clean electricity by 2025 to power government facilities. In the same response, the government conceded variances across provinces with respect to clean-energy use on Department of National Defence bases and facilities. For example, less than 28% of electricity on three DND facilities in Nova Scotia comes from clean energy, and less than 9% of electricity powering four DND facilities in Nunavut comes from clean energy.

Senator Gold, is the government on track to maintain this commitment by year 2025? If so, what plans are in place for jurisdictions where military bases are operating well below 100% renewable energy?

Hon. Tony Loffreda: Honourable senators, today I rise in celebration of Italian Heritage Month.

Throughout the month of June, Italian communities across Canada, from Vancouver to Toronto to Ottawa to Montreal, will be hosting events to celebrate Italy’s dynamic and impressive heritage.

[English]

Canadians of all origins will have an opportunity this month to immerse themselves in all things Italian: food and wine, arts and culture, and good old hospitality and cheer.

Canada is home to one of the largest Italian diasporas in the world with some 1.5 million Canadians of Italian descent. Of course, the first Italian presence in what is now known as Canada was 525 years ago, when Giovanni Caboto landed here.

It wasn’t until the mid-17th century that we saw the first Italian settlement. Some time later, in the late 1800s, an influx of migrant workers came to Canada, many of which eventually chose to stay here permanently. Finally, another important wave occurred after the Second World War.

At that time, my parents were among those who made the difficult decision to leave their family and come to Canada, truly a land of hope and opportunity. I know first-hand to what extent Italian immigrants were grateful for the warm welcome they received when they arrived on our shores after leaving a war-torn country.

Canadians of Italian descent have helped shape Canada in many ways. They’ve made so many contributions to our cultural landscape, social fabric and economic vitality. They are go‑getters, change-makers, innovators and community-builders, and I am proud to be a member of this community.

Of course, 2022 also marks the seventy-fifth anniversary of the Canada-Italy bilateral relations. Since 1947, the bonds that unite us have been carefully nurtured, and today we have many reasons to be proud of our joint efforts to increase cultural, educational and economic exchanges between our two great nations.

I look forward to working with Italy’s new ambassador to Canada, His Excellency Andrea Ferrari, on various matters to strengthen this very important trade and diplomatic relationship.

Honourable senators, please join me in extending special greetings to all Canadians of Italian descent on the occasion of Italian Heritage Month. I hope you will have an opportunity to take part in some of the activities hosted by our various Italian communities across the country. At the very least, please enjoy a good glass of Italian vino in their honour.

Thank you. Grazie.

Hon. Marc Gold (Government Representative in the Senate): Thank you. It is an important question on an important issue. I don’t have the answer, but I will seek to get it and share it with the chamber as soon as I can.

This government, more than any other government, dare I say, is committed to addressing the gaps and the inequalities that we have come to recognize plague our country with regard to those — whether women, Indigenous communities, children and others — who find themselves in vulnerable positions. The government will continue to use its efforts to redress these inequalities in this area as in others.

Senator Gold: Again, senator, I cannot give you the specific answer to your question. As this chamber will know, this government has taken major steps to disaggregate data and ensure that the impact of programs — we saw this in the context of the pandemic — that it goes beyond that and to understand the real-world and disparate impacts that will inevitably be the case to some degree in the implementation of social programs. Again, I will seek the answers to your question and endeavour to have an answer as quickly as I can.

Hon. Patricia Bovey: Honourable senators, this question is for the chair of the Standing Senate Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Trade.

Senator Boehm, in June 2019 the Foreign Affairs and International Trade Committee tabled its report Cultural Diplomacy at the Front Stage of Canada’s Foreign Policy. We rose, and there was an election before it was voted on. However, I’m well aware that staff in Global Affairs and Canada Council for the Arts have taken it on and both have established departments for its implementation. I’m also aware that a year ago Canadian Heritage was finishing their report, an update on it. I am not aware of anything since.

Has the Senate’s Foreign Affairs and International Trade Committee received those updates, implementation strategies and actions? If not, when are you expecting them? And will the committee meet with the ministers involved to move these recommendations along?

Hon. David Richards: I’ll answer very quickly. I’m glad for the Auditor General’s report. We have been saying the same thing since I went into Veterans Affairs five years ago. The problems of wait times can kill a veteran in one way or another. The problems of homelessness and the dependence on drugs are also real.

I think there should be programs in every province to alleviate wait times. Also, I think there should be occupational training and psychiatric availability long before they leave the service. Our Canadian public should be aware of this. If we do not think our men and women in uniform are important, try doing without them.

Senator, you mentioned our veterans in the First and Second World Wars. I, as a young boy, used to see the First World War veterans drinking themselves to death on the banks of my river. They had no one except us kids of eight and nine who were their friends. We used to pick up their hats, get them to their feet and try to take them home.

I wrote a poem about that a long time ago called For Such Men Who Fought in Battles when I described how our country had neglected them. I hope we don’t fall into the same morass.

I think the Auditor General’s report on the disinterest of our government is not disheartening if our government finally takes it to heart. I’ll leave it at that, senator.

Hon. Marc Gold (Government Representative in the Senate): Thank you for the question. The government has consistently stressed the importance of being transparent with Canadians and has made that a priority. The government also ensures that its activities are in keeping with national security needs.

As you know, honourable senator, despite the number that you mentioned, this really is nothing new. The government is required, often by law, as is the case with the Investment Canada Act, to protect information on certain subjects, such as national security and the confidentiality of investments.

I cannot presume the exact reasons, but I want to reassure this chamber that the government takes its responsibilities seriously when it comes to striking a balance between transparency, the protection of national security and other relevant issues.

(For text of Delayed Answers, see Appendix.)

(Response to question raised by the Honourable Ratna Omidvar on February 8, 2022)

Insofar as Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) is concerned:

Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship and other implicated government departments and agencies have collectively implemented a whole-of-government response, meeting regularly to ensure we are working collaboratively and proactively responding to issues. Since August 21, 2021, our collaboration has resulted in the arrival of over 8,000 Afghans to Canada, and more arrive every week.

The majority of Afghans wanting to resettle in Canada, and meeting the criteria of the Special Immigration Measures, are still located in Afghanistan. As a result of the Taliban’s control of Afghanistan, its status as a terrorist organization and the safety concerns for both clients and employees, IRCC does not have a physical presence in Afghanistan. For Afghans seeking to come to Canada, leaving Afghanistan can be extremely dangerous and difficult. The preponderance of issues impeding their immigration to Canada relate to securing safe transit out of Afghanistan.

IRCC is working with partners and neighbouring countries on how best to facilitate the safe movement of Afghan nationals out of Afghanistan so that the processing of their applications can continue. You may rest assured that the Government of Canada is working tirelessly and devoting the necessary resources to resettle these vulnerable persons safely to Canada as quickly as possible.

(Response to question raised by the Honourable Mobina S. B. Jaffer on February 21, 2022)

Insofar as Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) is concerned:

Canada is working to bring as many vulnerable Afghans as possible to safety in Canada, as quickly as is practicable. IRCC has already brought 8,580 new Afghans to Canada as of March 1, 2022, as part of the government’s multi-year commitment to resettle at least 40,000 Afghan nationals. As of February 21, 2022, IRCC has approved over 10,000 applications for Afghan nationals who assisted the Government of Canada (e.g., locally engaged staff, interpreters), along with their family members. Of these, 4,880 Afghans have since begun their new lives in Canada. Another 3,700 have been resettled to Canada through our humanitarian program, which focuses on women, LGBTQ2 people, human rights defenders, journalists and members of religious and ethnic minorities.

IRCC has streamlined the application process for Afghan applicants, and continues to prioritize and process these cases as quickly as possible for those inside and outside of Afghanistan. Depending on an individual’s circumstances, however, every step of the process can bring unique challenges. Full admissibility assessments, including security screening, must be completed before a decision can be reached on any application. Some cases are complex, and thus the screening aspect of the process can take additional time to ensure rigorous assessment.

(Response to question raised by the Honourable Marilou McPhedran on February 24, 2022)

All international assistance provided by Global Affairs Canada in response to the illegal invasion of Ukraine, including $245 million in humanitarian assistance, is guided by Canada’s Feminist International Assistance Policy and requires gender-based analysis.

Canada is providing assistance through United Nations organizations, the Red Cross Movement and to non‑governmental organizations to address the needs of women and girls related to gender-based violence. This includes lifesaving services such as crisis rooms; counselling; distribution of cash and dignity kits; and access to sexual and reproductive health services.

Other support includes programming provided through UN Women and Justice Rapid Response for assessments of the needs of women and girls in Ukraine and neighbouring countries, as well as the deployment of specialized investigators with sexual violence and criminal investigation expertise. Canada is contributing to the Women’s Peace and Humanitarian Fund to support women’s organizations to provide protection and psychological support, while ensuring that women are supported to work towards conflict resolution.

Canada is also pursuing accountability through the International Criminal Court, whose statute expressly proscribes various forms of sexual violence as underlying acts of war crimes and crimes against humanity.

(Response to question raised by the Honourable Ratna Omidvar on March 1, 2022)

Insofar as Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) is concerned:

The Government of Canada is committed to helping Ukrainians and has announced a number of new measures to help people affected by the Russian invasion of Ukraine. When consulting with the Ukrainian community, we heard that a number of Ukrainians may want to come to Canada temporarily and then return home when it is safe to do so. Therefore, a new temporary residence pathway was needed to urgently bring Ukrainians seeking temporary refuge into Canada. Having the Canada-Ukraine Authorization for Emergency Travel (CUAET) available, in addition to permanent residence pathways (including family sponsorship), will allow Canada to welcome more Ukrainians fleeing violence.

The CUAET is open to an unlimited number of Ukrainians. These measures allow clients to stay for up to three years, with the option to work or study while here. This is the fastest, safest and most efficient way for Ukrainians and their immediate family members to come to Canada and eliminates many of the normal visa requirements. IRCC has already received more than 50,000 applications under this program. Further, in recognition that many Canadians and permanent residents have family in Ukraine, IRCC is quickly implementing a special family reunification sponsorship pathway.

(Response to question raised by the Honourable Mary Coyle on March 22, 2022)

Department of Justice officials continue to monitor both Canadian and international developments on conversion therapy, as well as any relevant jurisprudence, and will continue to work through existing federal, provincial and territorial fora to facilitate collaboration and monitor their experiences with conversion therapy cases. Additionally, Statistics Canada tracks police-reported incidents of crime, as well as charges laid and convictions entered under Criminal Code offences.

As a general rule, Canadian courts have jurisdiction over crimes committed within Canada. However, Canadian courts also have jurisdiction to prosecute where there is a real and substantial link between Canada and the offence. Such a link may be established in cases where conversion therapy is provided online to Canadians by persons residing in another country.

To enhance our understanding of the impact of conversion therapy on those subjected to it, the Department of Justice has contracted with the Community-Based Research Centre Society to undertake qualitative, in-depth interviews with survivors of conversion therapy from across the country. Also, in January 2022, the Department of Justice made $1 million available through the Victims Fund to support the development of public legal education and information (PLEI) resources and materials regarding the new conversion therapy-related offences.

(Response to question raised by the Honourable Marilou McPhedran on March 22, 2022)

Canada is coordinating efforts with allies and partners to support Ukraine and to pressure Russia to end its war on Ukraine. Canada calls on Russia to immediately cease all hostile and provocative actions against Ukraine, withdraw all military and proxy forces from the country and turn to good-faith diplomacy. Canada also supports ongoing negotiations between Ukraine and Russia.

Canada played a key role in the eleventh emergency special session of the United Nations General Assembly and the adoption of resolutions on Russia’s aggression against Ukraine, humanitarian consequences and suspending Russia from the Human Rights Council.

Canada continues to work at the United Nations on options to support Ukraine and promote international peace and security.

(Response to question raised by the Honourable Donald Neil Plett on May 18, 2022)

Veterans Affairs Canada

Veterans Affairs Canada is subject to the provisions of the Privacy Act and the Access to Information Act related to the disclosure of personal information and, as such, cannot respond to questions about individual clients.

Veterans Affairs Canada acknowledges the significant contributions that veterans and Canadian Armed Forces members have made, and continue to make, in protecting Canadians and their peace and security at home and around the world. These men and women deserve the greatest recognition and respect for their service. Veterans Affairs Canada maintains an open-door policy for communication and collaboration on their issues and priorities.

This case deals with issues that are being addressed by Veterans Affairs Canada.

Appendix—Senators List

Hon. Dennis Glen Patterson: Honourable senators, yesterday marked National Seal Products Day on Parliament Hill, established by Bill S-208, developed by our dear former colleague and champion of the sealing industry, former senator Céline Hervieux-Payette. Colleagues, today, in marking National Seal Products Day, I want to alert you to what parliamentary secretary and my good friend Yvonne Jones, MP for Labrador, has described as an ecological disaster in our oceans.

For years, Greenpeace, PETA and their like successfully demonized the seal hunt, with its long and proud tradition in Atlantic Canada and the Arctic. As a result, the seal population is out of control and decimating our fisheries. I want to commend Minister Joyce Murray for being the first Minister of Fisheries, Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard ever to acknowledge that seals eat fish. How much fish? According to Fisheries and Oceans Canada, the harp seal population in Atlantic Canada alone eats 1.6 million metric tonnes of fish in the Atlantic region.

Colleagues, Newfoundland and Labrador’s entire commercial fishery amounts to only 220,000 metric tonnes. Harbour seals and sea lions — or Qasigiaq as we call them in Nunavut — eat 30% of Pacific salmon before they can even get to the sea. The result is that fisheries are having to be closed. Capelin stocks are down 70%, and the cod fishery has not been restored 30 years after its closure.

The collateral damage done to the innocent human victims was also spiritually devastating. False narratives about the cruelty of the seal hunt and the money raised through those narratives were used to effectively destroy overnight the market for rich, beautiful seal fur when the European Union and many other countries banned the sale of seal products.

The documentary by acclaimed Inuit filmmaker Alethea Arnaquq-Baril called Angry Inuk is a compelling documentary about the devastating, dispiriting impact of the seal ban. The disappearance of the market for seal skins not only made hunting unaffordable but also deprived the Inuit and the world of a rich, sustainable supply of high-protein food rich in omega-3 fats and vitamins.

Seal skin is also the material used for the very best waterproof and windproof outdoor clothing and footwear, as well as for world-class high-fashion materials. A seal diet was the main source of sustenance which allowed the Inuit to thrive in the harshest climate in the country.

What can we do about this ecological disaster? Let’s look for Clifford Small, MP for Coast of Bays–Central–Notre Dame, whose private member’s bill, Bill C-251, aims at restoring our decimated fisheries through strategies which will restore ecological balance. Senator Wells may sponsor that in the Senate.

Colleagues, we need to support our fledging seal products industry and feed the world while restoring ecological balance in our precious ocean resources. Thank you, honourable senators. Qujannamiik.

Hon. David M. Wells: Honourable senators, I rise today to pay tribute to Queen Elizabeth II on the eve of Her Majesty’s 70 years on the throne and to celebrate her Platinum Jubilee.

Queen Elizabeth II is only the eighth Queen of England, and her reign is not only a remarkable length of service but an example of leadership to the Commonwealth and to the world. Queen Elizabeth II has been a living example of stability and stoicism through many difficult global events over her seven decades as monarch.

Her reign has had no shortage of historic points, starting with her pledge in a speech broadcast on the radio from Cape Town on April 21, 1947, when she dedicated her life to service. Her reign began when she was 25 years old, following the death of her father, King George VI, on February 6, 1952.

Queen Elizabeth II has made countless trips throughout the world, including 22 official visits to Canada, the first being in 1951 as Princess Elizabeth, where she visited in place of her father, who was ill, and the most recent being in 2010. She had an official visit to my home province in 1978, visiting St. John’s, Deer Lake, Corner Brook and Stephenville. There were also many stops in Gander, but most were not considered official as they were simply to refuel. I was in Bonavista when the Queen visited there in 1997. My eldest son, Luke, who is now 25 — many of you have met him — was three months old and in my arms.

My maternal grandmother from Tottenham in North London, Ruby L. Jewson, joined the Women’s Auxiliary for the war effort and, later, was part of the team that catalogued the gifts to the Queen upon her ascension to the throne. She was so proud of that and would always show me her scrapbook of those times. I was proud of her. She’d be humbled to have her name mentioned in the Senate of Canada.

I met Her Majesty — as we were told to address her; Prince Philip was to be addressed as Your Royal Highness — a few years ago, and I wanted to mention that story about my grandmother but chickened out in favour of protocol. I regret that now.

Over the years, Queen Elizabeth II has met with numerous Indigenous groups, including being greeted by the Chief of the Montagnais and given a pair of beaded moosehide jackets. In 1976, the Queen received an Alberta First Nations delegation at Buckingham Palace.

In 2010, Queen Elizabeth II presented Christ Church, Her Majesty’s Royal Chapel of the Mohawks, with handbells to symbolize the councils and treaties between the Iroquois Confederacy and the Crown.

Queen Elizabeth II is a champion of unity and democracy, and her legacy and remarkable achievements are deserving of celebration. I will mark this historic occasion and pay tribute to Canada’s longest-reigning sovereign and the first to celebrate a platinum jubilee. I will take time and reflect on this historic moment and reflect on the role of my grandmother, my province, my country, my all-too-brief meeting with her and my oath to Her Majesty over nine years ago.

Thank you, colleagues.